Cambridge A Level English General Paper 8021 — 2021 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 3

1 (a) Explain the arguments Jackson could use in his letter to persuade Telnote to sponsor him. Answer in about 80 words using continuous prose. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [8] (b) Unfortunately, Telnote has refused the invitation to sponsor Jackson. Explain four reasons the company could give to support its decision. reason 1 ............................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... explanation ....................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... reason 2 ............................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... explanation ....................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... reason 3 ............................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... explanation ....................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... reason 4 ............................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... explanation ....................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [8] (c) Using the material and your own knowledge, suggest the benefits and challenges the recent growth in the number of tourists on Everest might bring to the Sherpa community. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [5] (d) Identify evidence in the material which suggests that Jackson is likely to go ahead with the expedition despite not having a sponsor. Answer in about 30 words. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] (e) Other than the reasons given by Jackson, suggest why individuals are attracted to participate in extreme sports. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] [Total: 25]

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) Explain the arguments Jackson could use in his letter to persuade 8 Telnote to sponsor him. Answer in about 80 words using continuous prose 1 In order to support a children’s charity and raise lots of money- this could promote a positive image of the company to the public/ Association with a good cause – makes customers think better of them 2 Jackson is an experienced skier so used to the mountains/ he is an individual used to extreme sports- this could reduce any risk of injury/failure/so the risks are reduced. 3 He was in the army so he will be used to pushing himself/being disciplined when things get tough 4 The number of deaths/ injuries is small compared to those who have climbed to the peak 5 Good publicity for the company’s products -he could use their equipment to stay in contact with the basecamp/family/sponsor 6 The company has customers in China and the Far East and this may strengthen their position 7 The company boss is a climber so will understand/empathise with the rush of adrenaline/need to undertake the climb 8 The company can get one up on competitors by doing something different In assessing the response look for well-developed arguments that pick out relevant information from the text and link the information to a good reason for support Level Mark Descriptors • Capacity to interpret evidence and sustained ability to present relevant arguments, analysis and exemplification maintaining a strong focus on the main issues in the question. • Comprehensive approach demonstrating ability 4 7–8 to identify and select relevant information, data, concepts and opinions and maintain a strong focus on the key issues. • Shows the ability to communicate clearly and accurately in a fluent and organised manner. • Moderate range of arguments, analysis and exemplification covering some of the main issues in the question. • Demonstrating some grasp of the nature of key 3 5–6 issues but with a restricted range or a loss of focus leading to the inclusion of some irrelevant material. • Shows the ability to communicate clearly and accurately in a fluent and organised manner. • Limited analysis shown in a response consisting of mainly undeveloped material. • A modest range of selected points, perhaps some of which are irrelevant or incorrect. 2 3–4 • Ability to convey meaning but with limited powers of expression with some errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar which impede the flow and hinder communication. • Some simple, mainly unexplained or undeveloped points or perhaps a very narrow range – with little interpretation or analysis and little development or exemplification. • Limited range, dubious choice showing restricted 1 1–2 appreciation of key issues. • Ability to convey meaning but with limited powers of expression with some errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar which impede the flow and hinder communication. • A mark of zero should be awarded for no 0 0 creditable content. Any relevant content above 80 words should not be considered as part of the answer. 1(b) Unfortunately, Telnote has refused the invitation to sponsor Jackson. 8 Explain four reasons the company could give to support its decision. Already sponsored a lot of people (1) so may have limited cash reserves (1) and this is an expensive undertaking (1) Boss’s wife is an environmental charity supporter (1) – may not agree with the poor management of the waste on Everest/ the issues alongside it (1) and therefore does not want to be associated with it (1); she is also the Finance Director and in charge of the money (1) Bad for image/poor publicity/do not want to be seen to support a highly risky undertaking/ this may put off their customers (1) if something happens to Jackson (1) Bad for publicity (1) due to environmental issues of waste pollution (1) Moral argument (1)- should they be sponsoring something that is extremely dangerous/could result in his death/ and also involves walking past dead bodies to ascend (1) May not want to upset Chinese customers (1) as they have banned ascents from the Chinese side base camp (1) Chance of success may be small (1) unpredictable weather on the mountain (1) 1(c) Using the material and your own knowledge, suggest the benefits and 5 challenges the recent growth in the number of tourists on Everest might bring to the Sherpa community. Benefits: job creation and income generation when leading climbers (1); could generate further income for offering accommodation and food (lower down the mountain) (1); raises/maintains the status of the Sherpas as expert climbers (1) Challenges: risky job (could get injured or killed) (1); the mountain is sacred (1) and some Sherpa’s may feel the mountain is being disrespected/ desecrated by rubbish etc. (1); a peaceful place being disturbed (1) 1(d) Identify evidence in the material which suggests that Jackson is likely to 2 go ahead with the expedition despite not having a sponsor. Answer in about 30 words. • (he’s a ‘extreme sports fanatic’) so not much will stop him (1) • addicted/he gets a high from the adrenalin (1) so will still be looking for that fix (1) • he doesn’t appear to be worried about the dangers (1) because he has an answer for everything his friend says (1) • likes to push himself to the limit (1) • determination -constantly saying he is going to do it (1) Quotes from the material: • You know that I love adventure and there are few places on earth that will challenge me like Everest. (1) It’s the chance of a lifetime! (1) • Surely that is a good enough reason to try? (1) • I know how to cope ... avalanche (1) Any relevant content above 30 words should not be considered as part of the answer. 1(e) Other than the reasons given by Jackson, suggest why individuals are 2 attracted to participate in extreme sports. NB must be different to (d) above Wealthy – so just because they can (1) May be a bucket list (1) One-upmanship/status (to compare to friends and others) (1) fame (1) plus, any other viable comment

2 (a) Explain the meaning of the following words or phrases: (i) ‘off-grid’ (lines 1 and 29) ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) ‘stumbled across’ (line 36) ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [1] (iii) ‘we got hooked on the idea’ (line 56) ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [1] (b) Identify three pieces of evidence that indicate Hugh was a pioneer in the area of wind power. Answer in your own words as far as possible. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] (c) Identify words or phrases in the passage that mean the same as: (i) available for all (Lisa) ................................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) appeal to (Chisa) ................................................................................................................................ [1] (iii) ability to cope (Chisa) ................................................................................................................................ [1] (d) Explain why life on the peninsula is hard for the inhabitants (lines 9–18). Answer in your own words as far as possible. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] (e) Using the material and your own knowledge, suggest reasons why someone would choose to move to a place like Scoraig. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [5] (f) Explain the disadvantages of being a child on the peninsula as suggested in the material. Answer in your own words as far as possible. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] (g) Explain why Bev thinks that more children would benefit the community in future. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] (h) Using your own knowledge, suggest ways the internet might make the islanders’ lives easier. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] [Total: 25]

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) Explain the meaning of the following words or phrases: 1 ‘off-grid’ (lines 1 and 29). remote with little connection to outside world distant from main amenities 2(a)(ii) ‘stumbled across’ (line 36) 1 found by accident/ by chance 2(a)(iii) ‘we got hooked on the (idea)’ (line 56) 1 we were very enthusiastic about it; we were very invested in it we were very passionate about it 2(b) Identify three pieces of evidence that indicates Hugh was a pioneer in 3 the area of wind power Answer in your own words as far as possible. Credit any three of the following points or any other valid point. He started using wind power before other peopIe (1) His internet site was one of the original ones you would find if you looked up ‘wind power’ (1) Many interested people abroad watch what he does (1) and utilise his methods and instructions/ lectures (1) Luke moved to the island to work with him (1) 2(c) Identify words or phrases in the passage that mean the same as: 2(c)(i) available for all (Lisa): communal 1 2(c)(ii) appeal to (Chisa): resonate with 1 2(c)(iii) ability to cope (Chisa): resilience to 1 2(d) Explain why life on the peninsula is hard for the inhabitants (lines 9–18). 3 Answer in your own words as far as possible. Credit any three of the following points or any other valid point. isolated location/ far from other places/ c ut-off from mainstream (1) mail delivered only 3 times every 7 days (1) Weather can be bad- stormy (1) affected directly by nature (1) Difficult to get to (1) Young islanders may feel lonely/find it difficult (1) because the population is mainly older/over 40 (1) 2(e) Using the material and your own knowledge, suggest reasons why 5 someone would choose to move to a place like Scoraig. To be with a loved one (Chisa) (1) Likes isolation/ remoteness /off-grid lifestyle (Lisa) (1) to be in touch with nature/ elements or nature (1) To get away from the ‘rat race’/ not be part of mass society (1) escaping trauma/difficult experience (1) To make/shape a more perfect world (1) based on own values (Chisa) (1) To live a simpler life (1) To live in such beautiful scenery /loves the scenery (Hugh) (1) Doesn’t work for a company/office and be in a particular workplace e.g. (1). may be a writer who can be connected via internet (1) To give children a good education (Bev) /different upbringing (1) Safe place for children to grow up (1) Plus any other relevant/ sensible comment 2(f) Explain the disadvantages of being a child on the peninsula as 3 suggested in the material. Answer in your own words as far as possible. Credit any three of the following points or any other valid point. there are very few children /Mainly older people (1) there is no secondary school on island/the secondary school is far away (1) they have to attend boarding school during the week (1) and would be problematic for them (1) as the family cares for each other a lot (1) children might leave the island (1) to pursue their own careers (1) there was concern a while ago (1) that the numbers were very low in the primary school (1) 2(g) Explain why Bev thinks that more children could benefit the community 2 in future. school will stay open (1) more people to invest in the community/put down roots (1); independent/resilient additions to the community (1) may stay and have children themselves (1) 2(h) Using your own knowledge, suggest ways the internet might make the 3 islanders’ lives easier May not feel so isolated (1) as can still be connected to the outside world (1) (even though geographically distant) They could order food/ clothing/books (1) which would reduce the need to travel to shops (time and expense) (1) They could keep up with news and events in real time (1) They can keep in close contact with friends and relatives (1) – skype, email, social media (1) They can be entertained e.g. Netflix, iplayer, Amazon (1) they wouldn’t miss out on new things (1) They can continue to study/learn new things (1) through online learning and training courses (1) and any other sensible/relevant suggestion