Cambridge A Level English General Paper 8021 — 2021 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 1

1 (a) State three reasons why Hafrock Hall is experiencing some financial problems. Answer in about 30 words. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] (b) Considering the advantages and one disadvantage, explain why Carlo would be most likely to choose ‘Lift Off!’. You should not refer to the other installations. Answer in continuous prose. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [8] (c) Considering only the advantages, explain why Anja would be most likely to choose ‘The Banana Music House’. You should not refer to the other installations. Answer in about 30 words. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] (d) Considering only the advantages, explain why ‘Exploring the Senses’ might be a suitable choice. You should not refer to the other installations. Answer in about 30 words. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [3] (e) Identify which creator’s quote is most similar to Carlo’s attitude towards nature. Justify your choice. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [2] (f) In your opinion, describe the characters of each of the following from only the tone they used during the discussion. (i) Anja’s matter-of-fact tone ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [2] (ii) Carlo’s subdued tone ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [2] (iii) Ingrid’s long-suffering tone ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [2] [Total: 25]

Mark scheme: Question Answer Marks 1(a) State three reasons why Hafrock Hall is experiencing some financial 3 problems. Answer in about 30 words. Credit any three of the following points. It needs a new roof. (1) It has damp in some rooms. (1) Fewer/ (Too) few visitors are coming to the attraction. (1) The ones that do come are older people. (1) (These) visitors do not seem to come back to visit again. (1) Families and/or young people are not tempted to visit. (1) There are not enough photo opportunities for them. (1) The press no longer write about them/They do not get publicity through the press any more. (1) Competitors are ahead of them by already offering new things. (1) 3 × 1 Any relevant content above 30 words should not be considered as part of the answer. 1(b) Considering the advantages and one disadvantage, explain why Carlo 8 would be most likely to choose ‘Lift Off’. You should not refer to the other installations. Answer in continuous prose. Credit four of the following points or any other valid points. It is the quickest to install so it should be seeing visitor numbers increase within the shortest time and its construction should be likely to cause the least amount of noise/ disruption/ intrusion for Carlo. It is the cheapest to construct so they would not need to take out such a big loan/ they could use the rest of the loan for the house repairs required. This installation would interfere with the estate’s natural beauty the least, which Carlo loves just as it is at present and should not disturb Carlo too much as the lake is in the centre of the garden There is the opportunity to encourage visitors to come to evening events based on the installation which should increase revenue even more. He is aware of Ingrid’s lakeside café plan so he is likely to think that he could count on her support for this installation too and the presence of a café tends to make an attraction more popular with visitors and usually turns out to be a profitable addition. He loves bird watching so he would be likely to appreciate an installation based on a group of swans in flight. However, it would be the least interactive installation for visitors as all they would be able to do is press a button to activate the bird calls. It is the smallest installation in area so might not have the necessary impact to increase by much the number of tickets sold It might not be spectacular enough in the daytime to make young people come to take photos to then post online to be liked by their followers. If the laser shows proved to be a big hit, attracting huge crowds, then Carlo’s evenings would be disrupted by both noise and light pollution. 1(b) In assessing the answer award marks for a coherent appraisal, clearly expressed of three or more relevant considerations, including balance, that make use of analytical skills. Level Mark Descriptors • Capacity to interpret evidence and sustained ability to present relevant arguments, analysis and exemplification maintaining a strong focus on the main issues in the question. • Comprehensive approach demonstrating ability to 4 7–8 identify and select relevant information, data, concepts and opinions and maintain a strong focus on the key issues. • Shows the ability to communicate clearly and accurately in a fluent and organised manner. • Moderate range of arguments, analysis and exemplification covering some of the main issues in the question. • Demonstrating some grasp of the nature of key 3 5–6 issues but with a restricted range or a loss of focus leading to the inclusion of some irrelevant material. • Shows the ability to communicate clearly and accurately in a fluent and organised manner. • Limited analysis shown in a response consisting of mainly undeveloped material. • A modest range of selected points, perhaps some of which are irrelevant or incorrect. 2 3–4 • Ability to convey meaning but with limited powers of expression with some errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar which impede the flow and hinder communication. • Some simple, mainly unexplained or undeveloped points or perhaps a very narrow range – with little interpretation or analysis and little development or exemplification. • Limited range, dubious choice showing restricted 1 1–2 appreciation of key issues. • Ability to convey meaning but with limited powers of expression with some errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar which impede the flow and hinder communication. • A mark of zero should be awarded for no 0 0 creditable content. 1(c) Considering only the advantages, explain why Anja would be most likely 3 to choose ‘The Banana Music House’. You should not refer to the other installations. Answer in about 30 words. Credit any three of the following points or any other valid points. It is the quirkiest of the installations (1) so it would appeal to her love of the outrageous/ being cutting-edge. (1) Such an outrageous choice might gain the most press coverage (1) and so attract in the highest number of new visitors (1) which could produce the biggest financial gain (1) and she would make a name for herself (1) as well as gain a reputation for turning a venue around with one initiative. (1) An unusual installation might catch the attention of the youngsters (1) to come and take photos to show followers online. (1) It might move her career on the fastest (1) if it is a much-talked about installation. (1) She knows it is probably affordable (1) because there is Ingrid’s emergency pot of money as well as the bank loan. (1) It has the most potential to earn money beyond visitor income (1) as a multi- purpose space available for hire by anyone. (1) 2 + 1 or 3 × 1 Any relevant content above 30 words should not be considered as part of the answer. 1(d) Considering only the advantages, explain why ‘Exploring The Senses’ 3 might be a suitable choice. You should not refer to the other installations. Answer in about 30 words. Credit any three of the following points or any other valid points. It is the biggest installation (1) in that it covers the whole estate (1), thereby addressing Carlo’s concern that visitors do not explore all its beauty. (1) The guide is a freebie donated by the creator (1) and could well become a collector’s item (1), adding to the kudos of the installation. (1) The creator is a local (1) so they could get the grant (1) which, together with the bank loan, could cover the cost. (1) As it is a sensory journey (1), it could be an attraction accessible to a wider range of visitors (1), such as those who are visually impaired. (1) It offers a variety of experiences (1) so it might encourage visitors to spend more time appreciating Carlo’s beloved gardens. (1) 2 + 1 or 3 × 1 Any relevant content above 30 words should not be considered as part of the answer. 1(e) Identify which creator’s quote is most similar to Carlo’s attitude towards 2 nature. Justify your choice. Credit any of the following points or any other valid points. The quote from the creator of ‘Lift Off!’ (1) as Carlo likes nature to be pure and simple and this creator finds nature uplifting (with no gimmicks/with the sounds of nature). (1) 1(f)(i) In your opinion, describe the characters of each of the following from 2 only the tone they used during the discussion. Anja’s matter-of-fact tone. Credit any of the following points or any other valid points. There is no emotion in her voice (1) because she sees difficult decision-making as just part of her job (1) / she is first and foremost a business woman (1) / she thinks that the best approach to getting the others’ approval for her plans is to be business-like. (1) 1(f)(ii) Carlo’s subdued tone. 2 Credit any of the following points or any other valid points. He feels sad/ depressed (1) - that he has to resort to such methods to keep the hall solvent (1)/as this is his birthright (1)/ as he feels he has let his family or ancestors down. (1) 1(f)(iii) Ingrid’s long-suffering tone. 2 Credit any of the following points or any other valid points. She might find her job a challenge/ an uphill struggle (1)/ might feel not listened to (1), as her tone seems to suggest that she has been putting with this level of stress/ resistance for a lengthy period. (1)

2 (a) According to the article: (i) State what type of farming supplies most of the world’s food. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) Identify two issues affecting the whole planet. issue 1 ................................................................................................................... issue 2 ................................................................................................................... [2] (b) (i) Explain what made Zuzana Pastorková start her market garden and agriculture project. Answer using your own words as far as possible. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [2] (ii) State two different methods by which Zuzana gets her seeds. method 1 ............................................................................................................... method 2 ............................................................................................................... [2] (iii) Explain how Zuzana solves any problems she has with events in nature. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [2] (c) Using the article, explain the issues facing fishermen in northern Sweden. Answer in about 50 words. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... [5] (d) According to the article, state how Benin led the way in Africa in the twenty-first century. ........................................................................................................................................... [1] (e) Identify the two problems facing beekeeper Zaza and his solutions to them. problem 1 .......................................................................................................................... solution ............................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... problem 2 .......................................................................................................................... solution ............................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... [4] (f) Explain the meaning of the three following words or phrases as they are used in the material. You may write the answer in one word or a short phrase. (i) protestations (Slovakia, paragraph 3) ................................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) to regenerate (Colombia) ................................................................................................................................ [1] (iii) custodians (Benin, paragraph 3) ................................................................................................................................ [1] (g) Use the original words or phrases in (f) in three separate sentences to illustrate their meanings as used in the material. Your sentences should not deal with the subject matter of the material. (i) ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [1] (iii) ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ [1] [Total: 25]

Mark scheme: 2(a)(i) According to the article, 1 State what type of farming supplies most of the world’s food. Small-scale farming (1) 2(a)(ii) Identify two issues affecting the whole planet. 2 Climate change/ climate disruption (1) Mass species extinction (1) 1 + 1 2(b)(i) Explain what made Zuzana Pastorková start her market garden and 2 agriculture project. Answer using your own words as far as possible. Credit any two of the following points. On coming back to her village/ After working abroad, (1) she had the desire to cultivate vegetables (1) that tasted the same (1) with the same cultural significance (1) as those she recalled having as a child. (1) 1 + 1 2(b)(ii) State two different methods by which Zuzana gets her seeds. 2 Given to her by local people (1) Handed down to her by village elders (1) Sourced from her travels/ beans from Ireland, etc. (1) 1 + 1 2(b)(iii) Explain how Zuzana solves any problems she has with events in nature. 2 She is quiet and observes (1) and the answers emerge on their own. (1) Being in tune with nature, learning from it and being part of it. (1) 1 + 1 2(c) Using the article, explain the issues facing fishermen in northern 5 Sweden. Answer in about 50 words. Credit any five of the following points. Fishing knowledge might cease to be passed on to children. (1) (The EU) has banned fishing in shallow waters, (1) but fishing provides them with food and income. (1) Villagers will have to translate their local language, (1) one hardly ever written down, (1) (into a form) that distant officials (1) will be able to understand and/or consider. (1) Place names are connected to nature, describing what grows there. (1) Swedish has one word for ice (1); the fishermen, at least seven. (1) Any relevant content above 50 words should not be considered as part of the answer. 2(d) According to the article, state how Benin led the way in Africa in the 1 twenty-first century. It was the first country (in Africa) to pass a Sacred Forest Law. (1) 2(e) Identify the two problems facing beekeeper Zaza and his solutions to 4 them. His trade is limited - to where he can travel to on his bicycle/ as he does not have a car (1) Every spring he borrows two trucks to transport his hives. (1) Bears / predators are found in the mountains where he leaves his hives. (1) The local Armenian population ward off the bears/ predators. (1) 2(f)(i) Explain the meaning of the three following words or phrases as they are 1 used in the material. You may write the answer in one word or a short phrase. Protestations (Slovakia, paragraph 3) objections, outcries, complaints, challenges, remonstrations, railings, statements of opposition/ dissent 2(f)(ii) (To) regenerate (Colombia) 1 (to) revive, (to) renew, (to) restore (itself), (to) revitalise, (to) rejuvenate, (to) re-establish 2(f)(iii) Custodians (Benin, paragraph 3) 1 keepers, curators, conservators, guardians, overseers, caretakers, stewards, wardens, protectors, defenders 2(g)(i) Use the original words or phrases in (f) in three separate sentences to 1 illustrate their meanings as used in the material. Your sentences should not deal with the subject matter of the material. Whilst enduring the protestations of my injured rabbit, the vet had to persist in the opening of her mouth to ascertain the extent of her injuries. 2(g)(ii) To regenerate the ailing fortunes of the cinema, the owners installed more 1 comfortable seating, invested in a better sound system and offered reductions in the price of tickets on Monday evenings. 2(g)(iii) Members of the Jane Austen Society are highly enthusiastic and motivated as 1 they regard themselves as the custodians of an important literary legacy.