Cambridge IGCSE Global Perspectives 0457 — 2022 May/June Paper 1 · Variant 3

This document has 12 pages. Any blank pages are indicated. [Turn over Cambridge IGCSE™ DC (CE) 303181/1 © UCLES 2022 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES 0457/13 Paper 1 Written Examination May/June 2022 1 hour 15 minutes You must answer on the question paper. You will need: Insert (enclosed) INSTRUCTIONS ● Answer all questions. ● Use a black or dark blue pen. ● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page. ● Write your answer to each question in the space provided. ● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid. ● Do not write on any bar codes. INFORMATION ● The total mark for this paper is 70. ● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ]. ● The insert contains all the sources referred to in the questions. * 9 8 9 2 9 5 3 3 0 3 *

2 0457/13/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 Read the information in the insert and answer all questions. 1 Study Sources 1 to 3. (a) From Source 1, identify the percentage of companies that allow remote working. … … [1] (b) From Source 2, identify two benefits of remote working for companies. … … … … [2] (c) Which benefit of remote working do you think is the most important? Explain why. … … … … … … [3]

3 0457/13/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 [Turn over (d) Explain why the growth of remote working is an important worldwide trend. … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

4 0457/13/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 2 Study Source 3. (a) ‘Remote working should be a global priority.’ What are the strengths and weaknesses of the argument supporting this claim? … … … … … … … … … … … … [6]

5 0457/13/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 [Turn over (b) ‘Remote working improves our health.’ How could you test this claim? You should consider the types of information, sources of evidence and methods you might use. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [8]

6 0457/13/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 3 Study Source 4. (a) Identify one prediction from Jago’s statement. Explain why it is a prediction. … … … … [2] (b) Identify one opinion from Lucia’s statement. Explain why it is an opinion. … … … … [2] (c) Identify an example of vested interest in Lucia’s statement. … … [1]

7 0457/13/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 [Turn over (d) Which argument is more convincing, Jago’s or Lucia’s? Your answer should consider both arguments and you should support your point of view with their words. You should also consider: • the strength of their reasoning and evidence • their use of language • the different kinds of information used. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [15]

8 0457/13/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 4 ‘All employees should be encouraged to work remotely.’ Do you agree with this statement? In your answer, you should: • state your opinion • give reasons and evidence to support your opinion • use the material in the sources and/or any of your own ideas • consider different arguments and perspectives. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

9 0457/13/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … [24]

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12 0457/13/M/J/22 © UCLES 2022 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series. Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge. BLANK PAGE

This document consists of 20 printed pages. © UCLES 2022 [Turn over Cambridge IGCSE™ GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES 0457/13 Paper 1 Written Examination May/June 2022 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 70 Published This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2022 series for most Cambridge IGCSE, Cambridge International A and AS Level and Cambridge Pre-U components, and some Cambridge O Level components.

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 2 of 20 Generic Marking Principles These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1: Marks must be awarded in line with:  the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question  the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question  the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2: Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3: Marks must be awarded positively:  marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate  marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do  marks are not deducted for errors  marks are not deducted for omissions  answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4: Rules must be applied consistently, e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5: Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6: Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 3 of 20 Social Science-Specific Marking Principles (for point-based marking) 1 Components using point-based marking:  Point marking is often used to reward knowledge, understanding and application of skills. We give credit where the candidate’s answer shows relevant knowledge, understanding and application of skills in answering the question. We do not give credit where the answer shows confusion. From this it follows that we: a DO credit answers which are worded differently from the mark scheme if they clearly convey the same meaning (unless the mark scheme requires a specific term) b DO credit alternative answers/examples which are not written in the mark scheme if they are correct c DO credit answers where candidates give more than one correct answer in one prompt/numbered/scaffolded space where extended writing is required rather than list-type answers. For example, questions that require n reasons (e.g. State two reasons …). d DO NOT credit answers simply for using a ‘key term’ unless that is all that is required. (Check for evidence it is understood and not used wrongly.) e DO NOT credit answers which are obviously self-contradicting or trying to cover all possibilities f DO NOT give further credit for what is effectively repetition of a correct point already credited unless the language itself is being tested. This applies equally to ‘mirror statements’ (i.e. polluted/not polluted). g DO NOT require spellings to be correct, unless this is part of the test. However spellings of syllabus terms must allow for clear and unambiguous separation from other syllabus terms with which they may be confused (e.g. Corrasion/Corrosion) 2 Presentation of mark scheme:  Slashes (/) or the word ‘or’ separate alternative ways of making the same point.  Semi colons (;) bullet points (•) or figures in brackets (1) separate different points.  Content in the answer column in brackets is for examiner information/context to clarify the marking but is not required to earn the mark (except Accounting syllabuses where they indicate negative numbers). 3 Annotation:  For point marking, ticks can be used to indicate correct answers and crosses can be used to indicate wrong answers. There is no direct relationship between ticks and marks. Ticks have no defined meaning for levels of response marking.  For levels of response marking, the level awarded should be annotated on the script.  Other annotations will be used by examiners as agreed during standardisation, and the meaning will be understood by all examiners who marked that paper.

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 4 of 20 Introduction Most questions are marked holistically using levels of response mark schemes. The marks awarded for an answer are usually based on a judgement of the overall quality of the response, rather than on awarding marks for specific points and accumulating a total mark by adding points. Inevitably, the mark scheme cannot cover all responses that candidates may make for all of the questions. In some cases candidates may make very strong responses which the mark scheme has not predicted. These answers should nevertheless be credited according to their quality. Levels of response For answers marked by levels of response, the following is intended to describe the quality of the response required (level of skill that should be demonstrated) for the award of marks at different points in the mark range for the question. In the levels of response mark scheme positive achievement is being rewarded. For answers marked by levels of response: a Marking grids describe the top of each level. b To determine the level – start at the highest level and work down until you reach the level that matches the answer. c To determine the mark within the level, consider the following: Descriptor Award mark Consistently meets the criteria for this level At top of level Meets the criteria but with some slight inconsistency Above middle and either below top of level or at middle of level (depending on number of marks available) Just enough achievement on balance for this level Above bottom and either below middle of level or at middle of level (depending on number of marks available) On the borderline of this level and the one below At bottom of level Mark scheme All of the questions are based on sources which are available to candidates as an Insert to the examination paper. It is therefore very important to study this material prior to marking to become familiar with the context of the questions.

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 5 of 20 Annotations All scripts and all responses must be annotated to show how and where marks have been awarded. The practice scripts indicate the amount of annotation expected. The number of ticks used does not need to tally with the mark achieved. Every question must be annotated in some way. The mark scheme indicates the most likely annotation to be used with each question. Annotation should be within the candidate’s text or the right-hand margin of the response as it appears in the marking screen. For scripts marked on RM Assessor, a selection of the following on-screen annotations are available. Annotation Meaning Correct, creditworthy point Eval Evaluation Development Benefit of doubt given Incorrect point ? Unclear/confused point JU Justification Omission mark, more required I Interpretation Vertical wavy line Irrelevant Highlighter REP Repetition Comment Box NAQ Not Answered Question SEEN Confirms page or response seen by examiner

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 6 of 20 IMPORTANT NOTE ON DEVELOPED AND UNDEVELOPED POINTS A developed point is one which is explained, or supported with evidence, usually drawn from the sources or the candidate’s experience. For example: Example 1 1a. Undeveloped point - A strength of Uki’s argument is the use of evidence from the World Bank 1b. Developed point - A strength of Uki’s argument is the use of evidence from the World Bank which comes from a credible source and is likely to be accurate. It can be trusted. 1c. Undeveloped point - A weakness of the argument is the use of personal testimony from experience. 1d. Developed point - A weakness of the argument is the use of personal testimony from experience. This experience may not apply to many other people and could be biased. It is not strong evidence. Example 2 2a. Undeveloped point – promoting lifestyle changes is not a good idea because it takes too long 2b. Developed point - promoting lifestyle changes is not a good idea; it takes too long because some people may ignore the advice given by governments and not bother to change their behaviour 2c. Developed point – encouraging governments to work together is the best solution as governments can share ideas and resources. This is supported in Source 4 when Uki says that cooperation between countries will prevent human suffering and reduce conflict.

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 7 of 20 Question Answer Marks 1(a) From Source 1, identify the percentage of companies that allow remote working. Main Annotations Candidates should identify the following answer:  56% (The answer must include clear reference to percent – 56 is not correct) 1 mark should be awarded for identifying the above. Further guidance – the only acceptable answer is listed above. However, candidates may use their own words. 1 1(b) From Source 2, identify two benefits of remote working for companies. Main Annotations Candidates may identify the following benefits from Source 2:  Saves costs on offices and equipment.  Improves reputation of the business.  Increases motivation and job satisfaction.  Attracts skilled employees.  Increases worker productivity.  Enhances staff loyalty.  Improves worker health and reduces absences. 1 mark should be awarded for each correctly identified benefit up to a maximum of 2 marks. Further guidance – the only acceptable answers are listed above. However, candidates may use their own words. 2

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 8 of 20 Question Answer Marks 1(c) Which benefit of remote working do you think is the most important? Explain why. Main Annotations Indicative content Candidates may identify one of the following benefits:  Saves costs on offices and equipment.  Improves reputation of the business.  Increases motivation and job satisfaction.  Attracts skilled employees.  Increases worker productivity.  Enhances staff loyalty.  Improves worker health and reduces absences.  More flexible timing of the working day.  More freedom to work from any location.  Helps caring for children and the family.  More attractive workplace and environment.  Fewer distractions and less stressful.  Better work-life balance.  Less time and money spent on travelling. Candidates may give the following reasons, any of which could be used, to justify their choice:  Has greatest impact.  Affects most people.  Creates most savings and profits.  Ethically or morally most significant.  Has multiple positive consequences .  Creates a virtuous circle.  Affects other aspects of life in society.  Reflects public opinion.  Reflects un opinion.  Other reasonable response. Further guidance – candidates are most likely to discuss reasons from the source as listed above. However, the assessment is focused mainly upon their reasoning / justification and therefore additional reasons should be credited. The following levels of response should be used to award marks: Level 3 (3 marks) Good response Clear explanation of significance explicitly linked to the selected benefit Level 2 (2 marks) Reasonable response Some explanation of significance. The link between the explanation and a benefit may be implicit/unclear at times. 3

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 9 of 20 Question Answer Marks 1(c) Level 1 (1 mark) Limited response A benefit is identified but with limited or no explanation of significance. Level 0 (0 marks) No relevant response or creditworthy material. 1(d) Explain why the growth of remote working is an important worldwide trend. Main Annotations Indicative content Candidates are likely to identify the following reasons drawing upon the information in Sources 1, 2 and 3:  Supports UN priorities/sustainable goals.  Affects employment opportunities worldwide.  Helps improve economic development.  Supports sustainable policies.  Improves the environment.  Responds to climate change.  Reduces inequality between different groups/countries.  Other reasonable response. The following levels of response should be used to award marks: Level 3 (5–6 marks) Good response Clearly reasoned, credible and structured explanation of importance. The global dimension is explicit. Level 2 (3–4 marks) Reasonable response Some reasoned explanation of importance. The global dimension is implicit at times. Level 1 (1–2 marks) Limited response Limited reasoning and explanation of importance. Explanations are partial, generalised and lack clarity. The global dimension is not apparent. Level 0 (0 marks) No relevant response or creditworthy material. 6

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 10 of 20 Question Answer Marks 2(a) ‘Remote working should be a global priority.’ What are the strengths and weaknesses of the argument supporting this claim? Main Annotations Indicative content Candidates are likely to discuss the following evaluative points relating to Source 3: Strengths:  Many examples.  Clear.  Logical.  Relevant.  Uses some evidence – statistical, un priorities and personal testimony.  Other reasonable response. Weaknesses:  Some assertion.  Some appeal to emotion.  Little factual/statistical evidence.  Doesn’t acknowledges counter arguments.  Some exaggeration.  Small sample from non-expert.  Other reasonable response. The following levels of response should be used to award marks: Level 3 (5–6 marks) Good response Clearly explained and credible evaluation of the argument/evidence; usually two (or more) developed points clearly linked to the issue, with some other undeveloped points; or a wide range (four or more) of undeveloped points. Evaluation is clearly focused on the reasoning and/or evidence, its strengths and weaknesses and the way it is used to support the claim. Material from the sources is used as evidence to support the evaluation; some reference to the evidence and/or arguments in the source e.g. quotation/summary of ideas. Level 2 (3–4 marks) Reasonable response Some evaluation of the argument/evidence, its strengths and/or weaknesses, and the way it is used to support the claim. The response usually contains one (or more) developed point(s), with some other undeveloped points. Some (two or more) undeveloped points may be sufficient to enter this level. Some material from the sources may be used as evidence to support the evaluation. The response may occasionally lack some clarity and by difficult to follow. 6

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 11 of 20 Question Answer Marks 2(a) Level 1 (1–2 marks) Limited response Limited evaluation of the argument/evidence which is often unsupported and asserted. The response may be tangential, partial, generalised and lack clarity. It usually contains one or two undeveloped points only. Answers at this level may repeat source material with little understanding. Level 0 (0 marks) No relevant response or creditworthy material.

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 12 of 20 Question Answer Marks 2(b) ‘Remote working improves our health.’ How could you test this claim? You should consider the types of information, sources of evidence and methods you might use. Main Annotations Indicative content Candidates are likely to discuss the following ways to test the claim stated in Source 3. Possible types of information:  Statistics/information on health and employment.  Data from social surveys.  Individual testimony or personal experience.  Material from organisations/businesses that promote/support remote working.  Other relevant response. Possible sources of information:  National and local governments and their departments.  International organisations, e.g. United nations; UNESCO.  Experts in communication and relationships.  Research reports.  Businesses, pressure groups, charities and NGOs.  Media and the internet.  Other relevant response. Possible methods:  Review of secondary sources/literature/research/documents.  Interview relevant experts, people.  Internet search.  Questionnaires.  Surveys.  Other relevant response. The following levels of response should be used to award marks: Level 4 (7–8 marks) Very good response Clearly reasoned, credible and structured explanation of a range of ways to test the claim. The response usually contains three (or more) developed points and may contain some undeveloped points. The response is clearly and explicitly related to testing the claim. Level 3 (5–6 marks) Good response Reasoned and mainly credible explanation of ways to test the claim. The response usually contains two (or more) developed points and may contain some undeveloped points. 8

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 13 of 20 Question Answer Marks 2(b) The response is explicitly related to testing the claim. Level 2 (3–4 marks) Reasonable response Some reasoning and explanation of ways to test the claim. The response usually contains one (or more) developed point(s), and/or a range of undeveloped points. The response may lack clarity. The response is implicitly related to testing the claim. Level 1 (1–2 marks) Limited response Limited explanation of ways to test the claim. The response contains one or two simple, undeveloped and asserted points. There is little relevance in the response to testing the claim or the methods, sources and types of information are generally not appropriate for the claim being tested. Level 0 (0 marks) No relevant response or creditworthy material. Further Guidance - responses that do not link explicitly to the issue/context and are simply a list of research methods/sources/types of information should not score higher than Level 2.

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 14 of 20 Question Answer Marks 3(a) Identify one prediction from Jago’s statement. Explain why it is a prediction. Main Annotations Indicative Content A prediction is a statement about the future or something which is to come in time or happens after the present. The following examples are found in Jago’s statement  More remote working will cause more stress.  More remote working will affect people’s health  Remote working will just reinforce inequality. Award 1 mark for correctly identifying a prediction from the list above. However, candidates may use their own words. Award 1 mark for a response that demonstrates a clear understanding of a prediction. Further guidance – note that the only acceptable answers are listed above. However, candidates may use their own words. 2 3(b) Identify one opinion from Lucia’s statement. Explain why it is an opinion. Main Annotations Indicative Content An opinion is a point of view or someone’s belief, that is subjective, not necessarily shared by others, and may not be verifiable, or without evidence to support. Candidates may identify one of the following examples of an opinion:  You are too negative, Jago.  The quality of video conferencing is getting much better.  Remote working benefits everyone. 1 mark should be awarded for identifying one of the above. Award an additional mark for a response that demonstrates some understanding of an opinion. Further guidance – note that the only acceptable answers are listed above. However, candidates may use their own words. 2

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 15 of 20 Question Answer Marks 3(c) Identify an example of vested interest in Lucia’s statement. Main Annotations Indicative Content A vested interest is a personal reason for an opinion or involvement in an undertaking or situation, especially an expectation of financial or other gain. Candidates may identify one of the following examples of vested interest:  Lucia works for a digital technology company and sells technological products so she is in favour of new technology .  Lucia argues in favour of new technology because she can make money from selling these products.  Lucia’s view of Jago’s perspective is based upon her job and employment in selling digital technology.  Other reasonable response. 1 mark should be awarded for identifying one of the above. Further guidance – note that the only acceptable answers are listed above. However, candidates may use their own words. 1

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 16 of 20 Question Answer Marks 3(d) Which argument is more convincing, Jago’s or Lucia’s? Main Annotations J Indicative content Candidates are expected to evaluate the arguments presented in Source 4 and compare their effectiveness. They should make a supported judgement with some explanation about which person has the most convincing argument. Candidates may support their judgement by considering: Strength of reasoning:  logic  structure  balance  claims Use of language:  tone – emotive, exaggerated, precise  clarity Evidence:  range of information and depth  relevance  sufficiency – sample  source – media; internet  date – how recent  different types of information – fact, opinion, value, anecdote  testimony – from experience and expert Sources of bias  local interest  economic  personal values  experience Possible consequences of the ideas presented Acceptability of their values to others  how likely other people are to agree with their perspective/view The following levels of response should be used to award marks: Level 5 (13–15 marks) Very good response Wide range of clear, credible and well explained points about which argument is more convincing. Coherent, structured evaluation of both arguments with clear comparison. The response usually contains three (or more) developed evaluative points and may include some undeveloped points. 15

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 17 of 20 Question Answer Marks 3(d) Material from the sources is used as evidence to support the evaluation; clear, frequent reference to the evidence and/or arguments in the source e.g. quotation/summary of ideas. A judgement is reached. Level 4 (10–12 marks) Good response A range of clear, explained points about which argument is more convincing. Evaluation of both arguments, with some comparison. The response usually contains two (or more) developed evaluative points and may include some undeveloped points. A wide range (four or more) of undeveloped but clearly appropriate points may be sufficient to enter this band at the lower level. Material from the sources is used as evidence to support the evaluation; some reference to the evidence and/or arguments in the source e.g. quotation/summary of ideas. A judgment is reached. Level 3 (7–9 marks) Reasonable response Some points about which argument is more convincing with some explanation. Some evaluation of both arguments, with an attempt at comparison or a very good evaluation of only one argument. Judgements and evaluative points are partially supported or asserted. The response usually contains one (or more) developed evaluative points, possibly with some undeveloped points; three (or more) undeveloped points may be sufficient to enter this band at the lower level. Some material from the sources may be used occasionally as evidence to support the evaluation. The response may occasionally lack some clarity and by difficult to follow at times. A judgement is reached. Level 2 (4–6) Basic response A few points about which argument is more convincing. There may be only one argument considered in any detail, with little attempt at comparison. Evaluative points are mainly asserted or descriptive and lack clarity/relevance at times. The response usually contains two (or more) undeveloped points. A judgement may be reached. Level 1 (1–3 marks) Limited response Limited and unsupported points about which argument is more convincing. The response considers the arguments briefly and/or tangentially. There is little clarity. Answers at this level may repeat source material with little understanding or simply agree/disagree with the arguments presented. The response may not contain any clear evaluative points.

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 18 of 20 Question Answer Marks 3(d) Level 0 (0 marks) No relevant response or creditworthy material. Further Guidance Responses that give a very good evaluation of only one argument may achieve Level 3 but no higher.

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 19 of 20 Question Answer Marks 4 ‘All employees should be encouraged to work remotely.’ Do you agree with this statement? Main Annotations J Indicative Content Candidates are expected to make a judgement about the statement using reasons and evidence to justify their opinion. Candidates may use and develop the material found in Sources 1 to 4 but should go beyond simply repeating or recycling without adaptation/ interpretation. Other material may be introduced but is not necessary to gain full marks. Candidates may consider some of the following:  Reference to scale of impact on employers/employees/UN sustainable goals.  Ethical or moral issues.  Reference to different consequences and implications for individuals/different age groups/government.  The influence of individuals and groups on other people.  The role of vested interests and power differences.  Potential conflicts of interest.  Difficulties in planning and coordinating improvements.  Cost and access to security.  Prevention of crime and harm.  Barriers like specialist or dangerous working environments.  Other reasonable response. The following levels of response should be used to award marks: Level 5 (20–24 marks) Very good response Clear, well supported, and credible explanations about the recommended course of action. Different arguments and perspectives are clearly considered. The response contains a wide range of clearly reasoned points and/or evidence to support the views expressed, usually with four (or more) developed points, and some undeveloped points. The response is well structured, and a clear judgement is reached. Level 4 (15–19 marks) Good response Clear, supported and credible explanation about the recommended course of action. Different arguments and perspectives are considered. The response contains a range of reasoned points and/or evidence to support the views expressed, usually with three (or more) developed points, and some undeveloped points. The response is generally well structured, and a judgement is reached. 24

0457/13 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme PUBLISHED May/June 2022 © UCLES 2022 Page 20 of 20 Question Answer Marks 4 Level 3 (10–14 marks) Reasonable response Some supported explanation about the recommended course of action. Different arguments and perspectives are included. The response contains some points and/or evidence to support the views expressed, usually with two (or more) developed points, and some undeveloped points. The response is structured but at times difficult to follow and an attempt is made to give an overall judgement. Level 2 (5–9 marks) Basic response Basic explanation about the recommended course of action. Different arguments are included; perspectives, if present, may be unclear. The response relies on assertion rather than reason or evidence; usually with one (or more) developed point(s) or a range of undeveloped points. The response is generally unstructured and difficult to follow. A judgement may be attempted. Level 1 (1–4 marks) Limited response Limited, unsupported explanation about the recommended course of action or some discussion about the topic in general. Different arguments may be included. Often tangential, generalised and lacking in clarity. Unstructured and often difficult to follow. Level 0 (0 marks) No relevant response or creditworthy material.