Cambridge IGCSE Agriculture 0600 — 2008 Oct/Nov Paper 2 · Variant 0

This document consists of 18 printed pages and 2 blank pages. IB08 11_0600_02/2RP © UCLES 2008 [Turn over *2167029071* For Examiner's Use 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education AGRICULTURE 0600/02 Paper 2 October/November 2008 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES. Answer all questions. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. www.XtremePapers.com

2 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 For Examiner's Use 1 (a) (i) Name a food that is obtained directly from a living farm animal. (ii) Name a product, other than food, that is obtained directly from a living farm animal. [2] (b) Table 1.1 shows the percentage of meat provided by farm animals in different parts of the world. Table 1.1 part of world cattle buffalo goats & sheep camels & llamas etc horses & donkeys Africa 74 1 9 9 7 South America 88 0.5 4 0.5 7 Asia 59 24 9 1 7 State three conclusions that can be made from the data about the types of meat eaten in different parts of the world. 1 2 3 [3]

3 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) As the human population increases, more food is needed but less land becomes available for farming. (i) Name a type of livestock that does not require a lot of land to provide food. [1] (ii) Suggest two reasons why this animal is well suited to providing the extra meat. [2] [Total: 8]

4 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 For Examiner's Use 2 (a) Fig. 2.1 shows rocks being replaced by soil over millions of years. X Y parent material parent rock parent material parent material parent rock parent rock topsoil topsoil subsoil A B Fig. 2.1 (i) List four agents of weathering that are acting at X. 1 2 3 4 [4] (ii) State two ways plants are helping form soil at Y. 1 2 [2]

5 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Fig. 2.2 is a pie chart showing the composition of the subsoil, B. organic matter 3 % living organisms 2 % mineral particles 45 % … 25 % … 25 % Fig. 2.2 (i) Complete the missing labels on the pie chart. [2] (ii) State two ways in which the percentage (%) composition of the soil at A would differ from that shown for the subsoil, B. 1 2 [2] (c) Describe briefly how a sample of soil taken from A could be tested for pH. [3] [Total: 13]

6 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 For Examiner's Use 3 (a) The word equation for photosynthesis is as follows. carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen light chlorophyll Complete the boxes in Fig. 3.1 using only words from this equation. Sun from the sun from the soil a gas called a gas called G Fig. 3.1 [4] (b) Cereals are grown in a garden plot, G, under the tree. Explain how the tree might affect: (i) photosynthesis in the cereal plants; (ii) transpiration in the cereal plants. [2]

7 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (c) Name a pest of a cereal crop and describe how it can be controlled. name of cereal crop name of pest method of control [3] [Total: 9]

8 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 For Examiner's Use 4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows an Irish and sweet potato plant that were grown from tubers. ground level tubers roots flower tuber roots runner leaf flower Irish potato sweet potato Fig. 4.1 (i) State two differences between the potato plants that can be seen in the diagram. 1 2 [2] (ii) What is meant by asexual reproduction? [2] (iii) Choose one of these potato plants and explain how it reproduces asexually under natural conditions. potato chosen [2]

9 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) The Irish potato can be infected by a fungus. State the weather conditions that would encourage infection and the spread of the fungus. [2] (c) In free draining soils exposed to high rainfall both types of potato benefit from a top dressing of LAN (limestone ammonium nitrate). Explain what effect its uptake has on the potato plants. [2] [Total: 10]

10 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 For Examiner's Use 5 Fig. 5.1 shows the names given to parts of the digestive system of a ruminant. reticulum omasum abomasum small intestine large intestine Fig. 5.1 rumen (a) The boxes below list these parts of the ruminant digestive system and suggest some functions. Draw a straight line from each part of the digestive system to its correct function. One has been done for you. part of digestive system rumen reticulum omasum abomasum small intestine large intestine function regurgitates food to be chewed bacteria in here break down food final absorption of water food checked and water removed before passing to abomasum absorbs digested food true stomach, digests protein [4]

11 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Table 5.1 shows the percentages of energy content and protein in some animal feeds. Table 5.1 feed energy content % protein % Rhodes grass 5.5 1.5 dried Rhode grass hay 28.0 5.0 maize meal 82.0 23.0 sunflower cake 54.0 34.0 wheat bran 42.0 11.0 Which of these feeds would be given as a production ration? [1] (c) Explain what is meant by a balanced ration. [2] [Total: 7]

12 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 For Examiner's Use 6 (a) Fig. 6.1 shows three safety signs found on herbicide containers. 1 2 3 Fig. 6.1 State what each of these signs means. 1 2 3 [3] (b) Explain why weeds should not be sprayed with herbicide: (i) just before rain; (ii) in windy weather. [2] (c) Name a local weed and explain how it spreads in a crop or pasture. weed spread [2] [Total: 7]

13 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows the result of crossing a black cockerel and a white hen. The chicks were all white. Fig. 7.1 (i) Which colour shows as dominant? Give a reason for your answer. [1] (ii) How are features, such as colour, passed from the parents to a chick? [1] (iii) Complete the diagram to show how the colour was passed from these parents to the chicks. Use the letter A for dominant and a for recessive. parents gametes chicks aa AA [2]

14 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 For Examiner's Use (b) For a named animal that you have studied state three characteristics that you would select when breeding to get improved offspring. animal 1 2 3 [3] [Total: 7] 8 Fig. 8.1 shows a free range system and an enclosed system of pasture management for poultry. free range system enclosed system 10 m 20 m wire wood poles thatch Fig. 8.1 (a) (i) State one advantage and one disadvantage of keeping hens on free range. advantage disadvantage [2] (ii) Suggest two reasons for having two runs in the enclosed system. 1 2 [2]

15 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) The chicken house which stands on an earth floor is made of thatch, wood poles and wire. Suggest three improvements to the design of the house and in each case give a reason. 1 suggestion reason 2 suggestion reason 3 suggestion reason [3] (c) State two signs which indicate that a hen is unwell. 1 2 [2] (d) Using the data in Fig. 8.1 calculate the stocking density per hectare in the enclosed system. Show your working [1] [Total: 10]

16 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 For Examiner's Use 9 (a) Select four tools from Fig. 9.1 that would be used to construct a pole and wire fence. panga sickel hammer chisel saw hacksaw file mallet spirit level hand drill secateurs axe spade garden fork mattock jembe forked jembe auger Fig. 9.1 1 2 3 4 [4]

17 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 [Turn over For Examiner's Use (b) Figs 9.2 and 9.3 are drawings which show two fences used for enclosing homesteads. The fence in Fig 9.2 is made of empty cans hung on wire. The fence in Fig 9.3 is made from wood cut from trees. Both are cheap to build. Fig. 9.2 Fig. 9.3 (i) State one advantage of the fence in Fig 9.2 other than low cost. [1] (ii) State one disadvantage of the fence in Fig 9.3. [1]

18 © UCLES 2008 0600/02/O/N/08 For Examiner's Use (c) The owner of a mixed farm has money to spend on fencing. The choices are: 1 to fence around the vegetable garden; or 2 fence around a paddock for goats. Discuss the economic factors that need to be considered in making a decision between 1 and 2. [3] [Total: 9]

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